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Getting Started

 

GRANT STORY - SOMETIMES YOU NEED HELP TO START OVER

Starting something new can be daunting. A little help goes a long way, whether you are starting kindergarten, a career, or life in a new country. The Canadian Red Cross Society’s First Contact Program helps refugees get on the right track in metro Vancouver. Many refugees are starting over with nothing. They can arrive with their former lives in tatters, sometimes distressed or demoralized from transient years in refugee camps. Getting the information they need, when they need it, can be a lifesaver. First Contact, with the support of a $40,000 grant from Vancouver Foundation, is creating a 24-hour multilingual helpline for refugees. Information about housing, filing refugee claims, finding work and more is only a phone call away, and it will make a world of difference in their new lives.

 

DATA

 

Graduation rate lower for ESL students

The high school graduation rate for ESL students was 83% in 2006/07, below the 93% graduation rate for the overall Grade 12 population. This declined from previous years when the graduation rate for ESL students ranged from 89% to 94%. Source

 

Immigrant incomes lag

Immigrant incomes in metro Vancouver continue to fall behind those of the Canadian-born population. Recent immigrants to metro Vancouver (arriving between 2000 and 2004), with or without degrees, earn less than half of people born in Canada. Immigrants that have been here longer fare a little better, earning about 68% of the median income of a Canadian-born person. Source

 

Child care costs increase

The cost of child care can be a barrier for parents wishing to enter the labour force. While government programs make child care more accessible for some, families still pay the majority of child care costs. 

Child care expenses in the city of Vancouver continued to rise between 2005 and 2007. The cost for out-ofschool care (before and after school) for 6 to 12-year olds increased nearly 50%, while licensed family care for infants, toddlers, and 3 to 5-year olds increased 13%, 14% and 17% respectively. Source

 

Immigrants face higher unemployment

In metro Vancouver, the unemployment rate for immigrants who entered the country in the last five years is twice that of the Canadian-born population. As immigrants become more established, the gap in unemployment rates diminishes but is never eliminated.

In 2006, the unemployment rate for immigrants arriving to Canada between 2001 and 2006 was 11%; the rate for immigrants who had been in Canada more than five years was 7%, while the unemployment rate for the non-immigrant population was 5%. Source

 

Youth employment improves

Transitioning from school to work can be pivotal for youth. Jobs can provide financial support for further study. On the other hand, when the job market is strong, youth may choose work over further education. Metro Vancouver youth age 15-24 had an unemployment rate of 7% in 2007, down from a high of 17% in 1987. Source

 

KEY INDICATORS

 

Indicators appearing in report

 

  1. Graduation rate lower for ESL students
  2. Immigrant Incomes lag (being reported nationally)
  3. Child Care Costs increase.
  4. Immigrants face higher unemployment (being reported nationally)
  5. Youth Employment Improves (being reported nationally)

 

Additional indicators

 

  1. Age and Country of Origin for Government Assisted Refugees in Metro Vancouver
  2. Estimated Demand for Licensed Child Care
  3. Immigrant Educational Attainment
  4. Proportion of Population with Immigrant Status

 

 

 


1. Graduation rate lower for ESL students

Data

In the 2006/07 school year, 83% of ESL students in metro Vancouver school districts who were eligible for high school graduation actually graduated.

Date

2008

Geography

Metro Vancouver

   

Description

High school graduation rates for ESL students provide an important indicator for "getting started." Developing English language skills upon arriving in Canada facilitates entry into the education system and labour market.

The figures here report on the "eligible to graduate graduation rate" which is a measure of grade 12 students who are eligible to graduate and actually graduate. Graduation rates for ESL students in metro Vancouver were somewhat below the rates for all students in 2006/07 (83% versus 93%). This rate has declined over the previous four years when the graduation rate for ESL students was in the 89% to 94% range. The metro Vancouver graduation rates are consistent with provincial averages.

Graduation Rates (%) for ESL Students and All Students by School District in Metro Vancouver, 2006/07


2002/03

2003/04

2004/05

2005/06

2006/07

School District

ESL

Total

ESL

Total

ESL

Total

ESL

Total

ESL

Total

Delta

86

92

92

92

98

94

96

96

88

93

Richmond

89

92

91

94

94

93

92

94

83

92

Vancouver

86

91

94

93

85

94

83

93

82

93

New Westminster

-

98

-

95

-

96

-

97

-

95

Burnaby

95

94

86

93

100

95

100

95

74

92

Maple Ridge - Pitt Meadows

86

96

-

95

-

95

80

94

100

92

Coquitlam

84

94

90

95

92

95

90

95

75

92

Langley

100

92

88

92

91

94

100

94

100

91

Surrey

91

95

92

95

95

95

93

95

90

92

North Vancouver

90

93

91

94

88

95

83

95

85

93

West Vancouver

90

96

87

96

100

98

85

97

84

96

Metro Vancouver

89

93

91

94

94

95

91

94

83

93

BC Average

90

94

91

94

93

95

91

94

81

93

CMA Comparison

n/a

Data Considerations

n/a

Source

Ministry of Education, Graduation Reports

Link

http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reporting/grad/grad-rpt.php

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2. Immigrant Incomes Lag

Data

The median income for all immigrants with or without degrees in metro Vancouver was lower than the median income for Canadian born residents of metro Vancouver in 2005. The difference was even more pronounced for recent immigrants with degrees. The median income for recent immigrants was 46.9% of the median income of Canadian born residents.

Date

2005

Geography

Metro Vancouver

Description

Immigrant incomes in metro Vancouver continue to fall below those of the Canadian born population. Recent immigrants are defined as those who immigrated to Canada between the years 2000 and 2004. The income gap between the Canadian born and foreign born populations highlights the difficulties immigrants face as they settle in Canada, as well as problems in getting recognition of foreign credentials.

The median immigrant income in metro Vancouver is lower than both the provincial and national averages. This discrepancy is particularly pronounced for immigrants without degrees. They earn 67.8% of their Canadian born counterparts in metro Vancouver, but 85.2% and 76.0% of the Canadian and BC medians, respectively. Recent immigrants in metro Vancouver, with or without degrees, earn less than half of their Canadian born counterparts, although it appears their situation improves slightly over time.

CMA Comparison

n/a

Data Considerations

In the chart, "immigrant" refers to all immigrants; "recent immigrants" refers to those who arrived between 2001 and 2006.

Source

Statistics Canada, 2006 Census

Link

http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/income/index.cfm?Lang=E

     

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3. Child Care Costs Increase

Data

The cost of child care in the City of Vancouver has continued to rise between 2005 and 2007, with increases anywhere from 8.3% to 49.8% depending on the type of child care.

Date

2005-2007

Geography

City of Vancouver

Description

The cost of child care can be a barrier for parents wishing to enter the labour force. While there are government programs available to make child care more accessible for low-income families, most families still pay the majority of child care costs.

The cost of child care in the City of Vancouver continued to rise significantly between 2005 and 2007. The cost of licensed care for infants, toddlers, and 3 to 5 years olds increased 13%, 14.3% and 16.8% respectively. The cost of licensed group care for children in ½ day kindergarten (who require child care before or after school) increased 17% between 2005 and 2007. The most significant increase was for out-of-school care (before and after school care) for children aged 6-12 years, which saw an increase of nearly 50% from 2005 to 2007.

Monthly Child Care Fees for Licensed Family and Licensed Group Care in the City of Vancouver, 2005-2007

Type of Child Care

2005

2006

2007

% Change

2005-2007

Licensed Family

Licensed Group

Licensed Family

Licensed Group

Licensed Family

Licensed Group

Licensed Family

Licensed Group

Infant (6 Weeks - 18 Months)

$806

$983

$856

$998

$911

$1,069

13.0

8.7

Toddler (19 Months - 3 Years)

$760

$895

$814

$955

$869

$994

14.3

11.1

3-5 Years

$690

$604

$739

$636

$806

$668

16.8

10.6

Kindercare (In 1/2 Day Kindergarten)

$552

$535

$597

$614

$598

$626

8.3

17

School Age (6-12 Years)

$319

-

$387

-

$478

-

49.8

-

CMA Comparison

n/a

Data Considerations

Licensed family care is offered at the provider's home. The provider is licensed to care for up to 7 children.

Licensed group care is offered in a child care facility. The centre must have 3 providers for every 12 children under the age of 3 years. The centre must also have 3 providers for every 25 children over the age of 3 years.

Source

Westcoast Child Care Resource Centre, Child Care Fee Surveys, 2005,2006, 2007

Link

http://www.wstcoast.org/parents/choosing.html

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4. Immigrants face higher unemployment

Data

In 2006, the unemployment rate for immigrants in metro Vancouver was 7.3% for those who entered Canada 6-10 years ago and 10.9% for those who entered Canada within the last five years. The unemployment rate for the Canadian born population in metro Vancouver was 4.9% in 2006.

Date

1996-2006

Geography

Metro Vancouver

Description

The unemployment rate for immigrants who entered the country within the last five years is twice that of the Canadian born population in metro Vancouver. This pattern is consistent for the BC and Canadian averages, although the gap in metro Vancouver is larger. The gap in unemployment rates between immigrants and Canadian born populations is reduced as immigrants become more established, although over time a gap remains.

In 2006, the unemployment rate for immigrants arriving to Canada between 2001 and 2006 was 10.9%. This rate was slightly higher the rate of 7.3% for more established immigrants. Both recent and more established immigrants had higher unemployment rates than the non-immigrant population in metro Vancouver, whose unemployment rate was 4.9%.

The unemployment rate for both immigrant and non-immigrant populations declined between 1996 and 2006 in metro Vancouver. However, the unemployment rate for recent immigrants did not drop as much as it did for the non-immigrant population. The unemployment rate dropped by 50% for recent immigrants in that time period, compared to a decrease of 57% for non-immigrant population.

Unemployment Rate for Immigrants and Non-Immigrants for Canada, BC and Metro Vancouver, 1996-2006

   

Canada

BC

Metro Vancouver

1996

Non-immigrant population

9.9

9.4

7.7

Entered country 6 to 10 years ago

13.4

12.8

12.6

Entered country within the last 5 years

18

16.2

16.3

2001

Non-immigrant population

7.4

8.6

6.5

Entered country 6 to 10 years ago

9.2

10

9.9

Entered country within the last 5 years

12.7

13.3

13.1

2006

Non-immigrant population

6.4

5.9

4.9

Entered country 6 to 10 years ago

8.4

7.5

7.3

Entered country within the last 5 years

12.3

10.6

10.9

CMA Comparison

Amongst other major urban centres, metro Vancouver had the second largest gap between unemployment rates for immigrants and the Canadian born, behind Montreal. Ottawa, Toronto and Calgary all have smaller gaps than that of metro Vancouver.

Data Considerations

Metro Vancouver is home to most immigrants in BC.

Source

Statistics Canada, Census 1996, 2001 and 2006

Link

CFC

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5. Youth Employment improves

Data

The youth unemployment rate in metro Vancouver was 7.3% in 2007.

Date

1987-2007

Geography

Metro Vancouver

Description

Transitioning from school to work with relatively little experience in the workforce can be difficult for youth trying to enter the labour force. Strong employment outcomes for youth can help provide financial support for their studies. There is consideration that when the economy and job market are strong, youth may choose work over pursuing their education, which can have an impact on their long-term opportunities.

Youth (15-24 years old) in metro Vancouver had an unemployment rate of 7.3% in 2007, up a marginal 0.3% over 2006. The unemployment rate for youth is one of the lowest recorded since 1987 when 17.2% of the region's youth were without work. The rate is marginally lower than the BC average of 7.6% and lower than the national average of 11.2%. A declining unemployment rate generally means that fewer youth are having difficulty obtaining employment.

Youth Unemployment Rate for Canada, Select Provinces, and Select CMAs and CAs, 1987-2007

 

1987

1995

2000

2005

2007

Percent Change, 1996-2006

Canada

13.2

14.8

12.7

12.4

11.2

15.2%

British Columbia

18.2

14.0

13.7

10.1

7.6

58.2%

Metro Vancouver

17.2

12.8

11.1

9.8

7.3

57.6%

CMA Comparison

Amongst Vital Signs communities, those in Saskatchewan, Alberta and BC have the lowest youth unemployment rates.

Data Considerations

n/a

Source

Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Special Request

Link

 

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6. Age and Country of Origin for Government Assisted Refugees in Metro Vancouver

Data

A total of 860 Government Assisted Refugees (GARs) arrived in metro Vancouver in 2007.

Date

2007

Geography

Metro Vancouver

Description

Government Assisted Refugees (GARs) are Convention Refugees Abroad and members of the Source Country Class whose initial resettlement in Canada is entirely supported by the Government of Canada or Quebec. This support is delivered by Citizenship and Immigration Canada-supported non-governmental agencies. Getting started is particularly challenging for people arriving as GARs, as they typically arrive with no possessions and little or no social networks in Canada to provide settlement supports.

A total of 860 GARs arrived in metro Vancouver in 2007. Over half of GARs arriving in metro Vancouver were adults aged 19 to 64 years (54.3%). Of all GARs arriving in the region, 48.5% are female and 51.5% male. The top countries of origin were Myanmar (formerly Burma), Afghanistan, Iran and Vietnam.

Age of Government Assisted Refugees Arriving in Metro Vancouver in 2007

Age

Number*

Percentage

Under 5 Years

90

11.1

6-12 Years

147

18.2

13-18 Years

118

14.6

19-64 Years

439

54.3

65+ Years

15

1.9

*Age was recorded for 809 GARs

Country of Origin of Government Assisted Refugees Arriving in Metro Vancouver in 2007

Country of Origin

Number*

Percentage

Myanmar (formerly Burma)

301

37.3

Afghanistan

166

20.5

Iran

81

10.0

Vietnam

66

8.2

Somalia

34

4.2

Burundi

28

3.5

Colombia

22

2.7

Ethiopia

20

2.5

Iraq

15

1.9

Congo

14

1.7

Rwanda

12

1.5

Liberia

9

1.1

Sudan

8

1.0

Eritrea

6

0.7

Serbia and Montenegro

5

0.6

Togo

5

0.6

Zimbabwe

5

0.6

Russia

4

0.5

Nigeria

2

0.2

Azerbaijan

1

0.1

Chad

1

0.1

Guyana

1

0.1

Sierra Leone

1

0.1

Uzbekistan

1

0.1

*Country of origin is known for 808 GARs

CMA Comparison

n/a

Data Considerations

n/a

Source

Immigrant Services Society of BC, RAP Statistics 2007. Special request

Link

n/a

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7. Estimated Demand for Licensed Child Care Spaces

Data

Child care spaces in the City of Vancouver served 14% of the estimated demand for child care in 2005.

Date

2005

Geography

City of Vancouver

Description

Waitlists are a reality for families looking to enroll their children in child care. This is because there is a shortage of child care spots relative to women in the labour force and the child population. Limited access to licensed child care has implications in terms of women's participation in the workforce.

To provide some context for understanding the adequacy of the number of licensed child care spaces available, a 2005 City of Vancouver study on the supply and demand for child care indicated that the City of Vancouver child care spaces served about 14% of estimated demand, using data that considered the number of women in the labour force, child population and estimated need for child care. When assessed by age groupings, however, it was found that existing spaces in the City serve 6% of estimated demand for children aged one to three; 16% of estimated demand for children aged three to six and 11% of estimated demand for children aged six to twelve.

CMA Comparison

n/a

Data Considerations

n/a

Source

City of Vancouver, Report to Council, May 1, 2008

Link

http://www.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk/20080501/documents/csb3.pdf

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8. Immigrant Educational Attainment

Data

41.5% of immigrants in metro Vancouver who came to Canada between 2001 and 2006 had a university degree in 2006, compared with 27.8% of their Canadian-born counterparts. The same group's unemployment rate was more than three times higher than that of non-immigrants with degrees.

Date

2006

Geography

Metro Vancouver

Description

In 2006, immigrants arriving after 1991 tended to have higher level of education. Those who immigrated before 1991 had lower levels of education than both Canadian born residents and immigrants who came to Canada after 1991. Almost twice as many immigrants who came to Canada between 2001 and 2006 had university degrees than those who came before 1991 (41.5% versus 22.2%). Immigrants who came to Canada prior to 1991 were more likely than any other immigrant status group to have an apprenticeship or trades diploma or college / CEGEP as their highest level of educational attainment.

In all educational attainment groups except those with university degrees, the unemployment rate for immigrants who arrived before 1991 was lower than for their Canadian born counterparts in 2006. For immigrants who arrived between 1991 and 2000, unemployment rates were higher than for Canadian born residents. For example, immigrants with degrees have unemployment rates of 6.0% and 10.5% (1991-2000 arrivals and 2001-2006 arrivals respectively), whereas non-immigrants with degrees had unemployment rates of 3.3%. This pattern is repeated for those for those with apprenticeship/trades certificates.

Very recent immigrants to Canada (2001-2006 arrivals) have unemployment rates two to three times higher than their non-immigrant counterparts, regardless of their level of education.

Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree for Immigrants and Non-Immigrants

Aged 15 Years and Older in Metro Vancouver, 2006

Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree

Educational Attainment by Immigrant Status / Period of Immigration


Unemployment Rate by Immigrant Status / Period of Immigration

Non-Immigrants

Before 1991

1991-2000

2001-2006


Non-Immigrants

Before 1991

1991-2000

2001-2006

No Certificate, Diploma or Degree

18.7%

19.5%

18.5%

16.5%

 

10.3%

6.5%

11.6%

15.8%

High School or Equivalent

24.1%

23.8%

26.3%

20.0%

 

5.5%

5.1%

8.3%

10.6%

Apprenticeship or Trades Diploma

7.6%

10.7%

5.0%

3.7%

 

3.9%

3.6%

4.0%

10.2%

College, CEGEP or Other Non-University

13.8%

16.6%

11.8%

9.5%

 

4.0%

3.7%

5.2%

9.2%

University Diploma Below the Bachelor Level

8.1%

7.3%

8.8%

8.8%

 

4.5%

3.5%

5.2%

10.8%

University Certificate, Diploma or Degree

27.8%

22.2%

29.6%

41.5%

 

3.3%

3.7%

6.0%

10.5%

CMA Comparison

n/a

Data Considerations

The immigrant population does not include refugees.

Source

Statistics Canada, Census 2006

Link

http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/Index.cfm

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9. Proportion of Population with Immigrant Status

Data

In 2006, 39.6% of all metro Vancouver residents were born outside of Canada.

Date

2006

Geography

Metro Vancouver

Description

Community diversity and the associated likelihood of formal and informal supports through ethno-cultural communities can assist new immigrants in "getting started."

In 2006, 39.6% of metro Vancouver's residents were foreign-born. Metro Vancouver's foreign-born population increased 2.1 percentage points (up from 37.5%) between 2001 and 2006.

CMA Comparison

Metro Vancouver is recognized as a multicultural urban centre, ranking second by Statistics Canada (after Toronto) among selected worldwide international metropolitan areas having significant proportions of foreign born residents.

Data Considerations

n/a

Source

GVRD Policy and Planning Department, 2006 Census Bulletin #6

Link

http://www.gvrd.bc.ca/growth/census.htm

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